{"id":11,"date":"2022-06-07T15:28:21","date_gmt":"2022-06-07T13:28:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/?page_id=11"},"modified":"2022-10-10T17:20:48","modified_gmt":"2022-10-10T15:20:48","slug":"knowledge-graph","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/index.php\/knowledge-graph\/","title":{"rendered":"Knowledge Graph"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Under-Represented Writers Knowledge Graph is a dataset of writers and their works created for <strong>exploring the under-representation of non-Western writers in the digital environment<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Writers are clustered in two groups: <strong>Western<\/strong> and <strong>Transnational<\/strong>. Such a distinction is based on two criteria: the country of birth, that must be a former colony with a high or lower Human Development Index, and the belonging to an ethnic minority. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, two dates were considered to classify writers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1808, namely the year when the Spanish American wars of independence began. This date is used as a boundary for the entire corpus. Only writers born since 1808 are considered, and only the ones born in Latin America and Caribbean are labeled as &#8216;Transnational&#8217; from this date.<\/li><li>1917, the year when Wilson&#8217;s Fourteen points were outlined. African and Asian authors born from this date are labeled as &#8216;Transnational&#8217;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The dataset includes <strong>194,065<\/strong> authors with a Wikidata page. Among them, <strong>17,368<\/strong> are labeled as &#8216;Transnational&#8217; and <strong>176,697<\/strong> as &#8216;Western&#8217;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Works are categorized consequently and they are gathered from Wikidata, Open Library and Goodreads.  In the table below it is possible to observe the distribution of works in the Knowledge Graph.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Source of Knowledge<\/td><td>Western works<\/td><td>Transnational works<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wikidata<\/td><td>136,995<\/td><td>8,380<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Open Library<\/td><td>824,378<\/td><td>66,050<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Goodreads<\/td><td>152,468<\/td><td>37,680<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/treemap_fonti-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/treemap_fonti-1.png 640w, https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/treemap_fonti-1-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption>The distribution of Western works by sources<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/treemap_fonti_underrep-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/treemap_fonti_underrep-1.png 640w, https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/treemap_fonti_underrep-1-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption>The distribution of Transnational works by sources<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to explore the Knowledge Graph<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Knowledge Graph is publicly available at the following SPARQL endpoint: <a href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Below, it is possible to directly access to some ready-made queries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters?default-graph-uri=&amp;query=PREFIX+%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furwriters%23%3E%0D%0APREFIX+urb%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furbooks%23%3E%0D%0APREFIX+rdfs%3A%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0D%0A%0D%0ASELECT+DISTINCT+%3Fperson+%3Fyear+%3Fcountry%0D%0AWHERE+%7B+%3Fbirth+a+%3ABirth%3B+%3AisSettingFor+%3Fp%2C%3Fy%2C%3Fc.%0D%0A%3Fp+a+%3APerson%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fperson.%0D%0A%3Fy+a+%3ATimeInterval%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fyear.%0D%0A%3Fc+a+%3ACountry%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fcountry%0D%0A%0D%0A%0D%0A%7D+LIMIT+100&amp;format=text%2Fx-html%2Btr&amp;timeout=0&amp;signal_void=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Find a sample of 100 writers in the Knowledge Graph, their year, country, and country of birth<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters?default-graph-uri=&amp;query=PREFIX+%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furwriters%23%3E%0D%0APREFIX+rdfs%3A%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0D%0Aselect+distinct+%3Frole+%3Fgender+%28count%28%3Frole%29+as+%3Fcounted_role%29+where+%7B%0D%0A%3Fa+a+%3APerson%3B+%3Agender+%3Fg%3B+%3AhasRole+%3Fr%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fauthor.%0D%0A%3Fg+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fgender+.%0D%0A%3Fr+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Frole+.%0D%0A%7D+group+by+%3Fgender+%3Frole+order+by+%3Frole&amp;format=text%2Fx-html%2Btr&amp;timeout=0&amp;signal_void=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Count writers in the Knowledge Graph grouped by gender and condition<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters?default-graph-uri=&amp;query=PREFIX+%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furwriters%23%3E%0D%0APREFIX+urb%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furbooks%23%3E%0D%0APREFIX+rdfs%3A%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0D%0A%0D%0ASELECT+DISTINCT+%3Fwork+%3Fcountry+%3Fyear+%3Fpublisher+WHERE+%7B+%0D%0A%3Fpublication+a+%3AActivity%3B+%3AhasParticipant+%3Fw%3B+%3AhasParticipant+%3Fc%3B+%3AhasTimeInterval+%3Ft%3B+%3AwasAssociatedWith+%3Fp.%0D%0A%3Fw+a+urb%3AExpression.%0D%0A%3Fc+a+%3ACountry.%0D%0A%3Fw+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fwork.%0D%0A%3Fc+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fcountry.%0D%0A%3Ft+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fyear.%0D%0A%3Fp+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fpublisher.%0D%0A%0D%0A%7D+&amp;format=text%2Fx-html%2Btr&amp;timeout=0&amp;signal_void=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Find a sample of 100 works, their publishers, country, and publication year.<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters?default-graph-uri=&amp;query=PREFIX+%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furwriters%23%3E%0D%0APREFIX+rdfs%3A%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0D%0Aselect+distinct+%3Fcontinent+%3Frole+%28count%28%3Fcontinent%29+as+%3Fc_counted%29+where+%7B%0D%0A%3Fb+a+%3ABirth%3B+%3AisSettingFor+%3Fa%2C+%3Fpob.%0D%0A%3Fa+a+%3APerson%3B+%3AhasRole+%3Fr.%0D%0A%3Fr+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Frole+.%0D%0A%3Fpob+a+%3ACountry%3B+%3AisPartOf+%3Fc+.%0D%0A%3Fc+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fcontinent.%0D%0A%7D+group+by+%3Frole+%3Fcontinent+order+by+%3Fcontinent&amp;format=text%2Fx-html%2Btr&amp;timeout=0&amp;signal_void=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Count all writers grouped by their condition and continent of birth<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters?default-graph-uri=&amp;query=prefix+urb%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furbooks%23%3E%0D%0Aprefix+%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furwriters%23%3E%0D%0A%0D%0Aprefix+rdfs%3A%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0D%0Aselect+distinct+%3Fperson+%3Fcountry+%3Flabel+where+%7B%0D%0A%3Fx+a+%3ABirth%3B+%3AisSettingFor+%3Fp%2C%3Fpl.%0D%0A%3Fp+a+%3APerson%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fperson.%0D%0A%3Fpl+a+%3ACountry%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fcountry.%0D%0A%3Fw+a+urb%3AExpression%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Flabel%3B+%3AwasAttributedTo+%3Fp+.%0D%0Afilter%28%3Fpl%3D%3ANGA%29%7D+order+by+%3Fperson+limit+100&amp;format=text%2Fhtml&amp;timeout=0&amp;signal_void=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Find a sample of 100 writers born in nigeria and their works<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters?default-graph-uri=&amp;query=prefix+urb%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furbooks%23%3E%0D%0Aprefix+%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furwriters%23%3E%0D%0A%0D%0Aprefix+rdfs%3A%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0D%0Aselect+distinct+%3Fperson+%3Fcontinent+%3Fyear+where+%7B%0D%0A%3Fx+a+%3ABirth%3B+%3AisSettingFor+%3Fp%2C%3Fpl%2C+%3Fy.%0D%0A%3Fp+a+%3APerson%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fperson.%0D%0A%3Fpl+a+%3ACountry%3B+%3AisPartOf+%3Fc.%0D%0A%3Fc+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fcontinent.%0D%0A%3Fy+a+%3ATimeInterval%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fyear.%0D%0Afilter%28%3Fc%3D%3AAfrica+%26%26+%3Fy%3D%3A1985%29%7D+&amp;format=text%2Fhtml&amp;timeout=0&amp;signal_void=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">find all african writers born in 1985<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters?default-graph-uri=&amp;query=prefix+urb%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furbooks%23%3E%0D%0Aprefix+%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furwriters%23%3E%0D%0A%0D%0Aprefix+rdfs%3A%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0D%0Aselect+distinct+%3Fwork+%3Fcountry+where+%7B%0D%0A%3Fx+a+%3AActivity%3B+%3AhasParticipant+%3Fed%2C+%3Fpl+.%0D%0A%3Fed+a+urb%3AManifestation%3B+urb%3AembodimentOf+%3Fw+.%0D%0A%3Fw+a+urb%3AExpression%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fwork.%0D%0A+%3Fpl+a+%3ACountry%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fcountry.%0D%0A%0D%0Afilter%28%3Fpl%3D%3AZAF%29%0D%0A%0D%0A%7D+limit+100&amp;format=text%2Fhtml&amp;timeout=0&amp;signal_void=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Find all works published in south Africa<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters?default-graph-uri=&amp;query=prefix+%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furwriters%23%3E%0D%0Aprefix+urb%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furbooks%23%3E%0D%0Aprefix+rdfs%3A%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0D%0A%0D%0Aselect+distinct+%3Fder+%3Fr+%28count%28%3Fr%29+as+%3Fr_counted%29+where+%7B%0D%0A%3Fex+a+urb%3AExpression%3B+%3AwasAttributedTo+%3Fp+%3B+%3AwasDerivedFrom+%3Fder+.%0D%0A%3Fp+a+%3APerson%3B+%3AhasRole+%3Fr.%0D%0A%3Fx+a+%3ABirth%3B+%3AisSettingFor+%3Fp+.%0D%0A%7D+group+by+%3Fr+%3Fder&amp;format=text%2Fhtml&amp;timeout=0&amp;signal_void=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Count all works by source and author condition<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/kgccc.di.unito.it\/sparql\/urwriters?default-graph-uri=&amp;query=prefix+%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furwriters%23%3E%0D%0Aprefix+urb%3A%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpurl.archive.org%2Furbooks%23%3E%0D%0Aprefix+rdfs%3A%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0D%0A%0D%0Aselect+distinct+%3Fsubject+%28count%28%3Fsubject%29+as+%3Fsubj_count%29+where+%7B%0D%0A%3Fx+a+urb%3AManifestation%3B+urb%3AhasSubject+%3Fy.%0D%0A%3Fy+a+urb%3AFolksonomy%3B+rdfs%3Alabel+%3Fsubject.%0D%0A%7D+group+by+%3Fsubject+order+by+desc%28%3Fsubj_count%29+limit+100%0D%0A&amp;format=text%2Fhtml&amp;timeout=0&amp;signal_void=on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Select the first 100 most frequent subjects in the KG <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Under-Represented Writers Knowledge Graph is a dataset of writers and their works created for exploring the under-representation of non-Western writers in the digital environment. Writers are clustered in two groups: Western and Transnational. Such a distinction is based on two criteria: the country of birth, that must be a former colony with a high [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":168,"href":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11\/revisions\/168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/underrepresented.di.unito.it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}